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Hopf-Cole-Transformation
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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Die Hopf-Cole-Transformation ist eine mathematische Transformation, die es erlaubt, die nichtlineare (viskose) Burgersgleichung auf die lineare WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung zurΓΌckzufΓΌhren und damit zu lΓΆsen. Die Transformation wurde 1950 bzw. 1951 von Eberhard Hopf bzw. Julian Cole unabhΓ€ngig voneinander entdeckt.
Contents
β’ Details
β’ Quellen
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Details
Die eindimensionale viskose Burgersgleichung
β β u β β t + u β β u β β x = Ξ½ Ξ½ β β 2 u β β x 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial u}{\partial t}}+u{\frac {\partial u}{\partial x}}=\nu {\frac {\partial ^{2}u}{\partial x^{2}}}}
wird durch die Transformation
u = β β 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ β β β β x ln β‘ β‘ ( Ο Ο ) {\displaystyle u=-2\nu {\frac {\partial }{\partial x}}\ln(\phi )}
in die WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung
β β Ο Ο β β t = Ξ½ Ξ½ β β 2 Ο Ο β β x 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}}=\nu {\frac {\partial ^{2}\phi }{\partial x^{2}}}}
ΓΌberfΓΌhrt. Daraus ergibt sich fΓΌr die LΓΆsung des Cauchy-Problems der ursprΓΌnglichen Gleichung folgende Formel:
u ( x , t ) = β β 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ β β β β x ln β‘ β‘ ( ( 4 Ο Ο Ξ½ Ξ½ t ) β β 1 / 2 β« β« β β β β β β exp β‘ β‘ [ β β ( x β β x β² ) 2 4 Ξ½ Ξ½ t β β 1 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ β« β« 0 x β² u ( x β³ , 0 ) d x β³ ] d x β² ) . {\displaystyle u(x,t)=-2\nu {\frac {\partial }{\partial x}}\ln \left((4\pi \nu t)^{-1/2}\int _{-\infty }^{\infty }\exp {\Bigl [}-{\frac {(x-x')^{2}}{4\nu t}}-{\frac {1}{2\nu }}\int _{0}^{x'}u(x'',0)\,dx''{\Bigr ]}\,dx'\right).}
Verallgemeinerung
Etwas allgemeiner wird die semilineare parabolische Differentialgleichung
β β u β β t β β a Ξ Ξ u + b | g r a d u | 2 = 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial u}{\partial t}}-a\Delta u+b|\mathrm {grad} \,u|^{2}=0}
durch die Transformation
u = β β a b ln β‘ β‘ ( Ο Ο ) {\displaystyle u=-{\frac {a}{b}}\ln(\phi )}
in die WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung
β β Ο Ο β β t β β a Ξ Ξ Ο Ο = 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}}-a\Delta \phi =0}
ΓΌberfΓΌhrt.
Quellen
β’ J. D. Cole: On a quasi-linear parabolic equation occurring in aerodynamics. In: Quart. Appl. Math. 9, 1951, S. 225β236.
β’ L. Debnath: Nonlinear partial differential equations for scientists and engineers. BirkhΓ€user, 1997, ISBN 0-8176-3902-0, S. 289β293.
β’ L. C. Evans: Partial Differential Equations. American Mathematical Society, 1999, ISBN 0-8218-0772-2, S. 194β195.
β’ E. Hopf: The partial differential equation u t + u u x = ΞΌ ΞΌ u x x {\displaystyle u_{t}+uu_{x}=\mu u_{xx}} . In: Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 3, 1950, S. 201β230.