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Hopf-Cole-Transformation
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Die Hopf-Cole-Transformation ist eine mathematische Transformation, die es erlaubt, die nichtlineare (viskose) Burgersgleichung auf die lineare WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung zurΓΌckzufΓΌhren und damit zu lΓΆsen. Die Transformation wurde 1950 bzw. 1951 von Eberhard Hopf bzw. Julian Cole unabhΓ€ngig voneinander entdeckt.

Contents

β€’ Details
β€’ Quellen

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Details

Die eindimensionale viskose Burgersgleichung

βˆ‚ βˆ‚ u βˆ‚ βˆ‚ t + u βˆ‚ βˆ‚ u βˆ‚ βˆ‚ x = Ξ½ Ξ½ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ 2 u βˆ‚ βˆ‚ x 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial u}{\partial t}}+u{\frac {\partial u}{\partial x}}=\nu {\frac {\partial ^{2}u}{\partial x^{2}}}}

wird durch die Transformation

u = βˆ’ βˆ’ 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ x ln ⁑ ⁑ ( Ο• Ο• ) {\displaystyle u=-2\nu {\frac {\partial }{\partial x}}\ln(\phi )}

in die WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung

βˆ‚ βˆ‚ Ο• Ο• βˆ‚ βˆ‚ t = Ξ½ Ξ½ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ 2 Ο• Ο• βˆ‚ βˆ‚ x 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}}=\nu {\frac {\partial ^{2}\phi }{\partial x^{2}}}}

ΓΌberfΓΌhrt. Daraus ergibt sich fΓΌr die LΓΆsung des Cauchy-Problems der ursprΓΌnglichen Gleichung folgende Formel:

u ( x , t ) = βˆ’ βˆ’ 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ βˆ‚ x ln ⁑ ⁑ ( ( 4 Ο€ Ο€ Ξ½ Ξ½ t ) βˆ’ βˆ’ 1 / 2 ∫ ∫ βˆ’ βˆ’ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ exp ⁑ ⁑ [ βˆ’ βˆ’ ( x βˆ’ βˆ’ x β€² ) 2 4 Ξ½ Ξ½ t βˆ’ βˆ’ 1 2 Ξ½ Ξ½ ∫ ∫ 0 x β€² u ( x β€³ , 0 ) d x β€³ ] d x β€² ) . {\displaystyle u(x,t)=-2\nu {\frac {\partial }{\partial x}}\ln \left((4\pi \nu t)^{-1/2}\int _{-\infty }^{\infty }\exp {\Bigl [}-{\frac {(x-x')^{2}}{4\nu t}}-{\frac {1}{2\nu }}\int _{0}^{x'}u(x'',0)\,dx''{\Bigr ]}\,dx'\right).}

Verallgemeinerung

Etwas allgemeiner wird die semilineare parabolische Differentialgleichung

βˆ‚ βˆ‚ u βˆ‚ βˆ‚ t βˆ’ βˆ’ a Ξ” Ξ” u + b | g r a d u | 2 = 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial u}{\partial t}}-a\Delta u+b|\mathrm {grad} \,u|^{2}=0}

durch die Transformation

u = βˆ’ βˆ’ a b ln ⁑ ⁑ ( Ο• Ο• ) {\displaystyle u=-{\frac {a}{b}}\ln(\phi )}

in die WΓ€rmeleitungsgleichung

βˆ‚ βˆ‚ Ο• Ο• βˆ‚ βˆ‚ t βˆ’ βˆ’ a Ξ” Ξ” Ο• Ο• = 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}}-a\Delta \phi =0}

ΓΌberfΓΌhrt.

Quellen

β€’ J. D. Cole: On a quasi-linear parabolic equation occurring in aerodynamics. In: Quart. Appl. Math. 9, 1951, S. 225–236.
β€’ L. Debnath: Nonlinear partial differential equations for scientists and engineers. BirkhΓ€user, 1997, ISBN 0-8176-3902-0, S. 289–293.
β€’ L. C. Evans: Partial Differential Equations. American Mathematical Society, 1999, ISBN 0-8218-0772-2, S. 194–195.
β€’ E. Hopf: The partial differential equation u t + u u x = ΞΌ ΞΌ u x x {\displaystyle u_{t}+uu_{x}=\mu u_{xx}} . In: Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 3, 1950, S. 201–230.